He retired in April 2020. New York-based Triarc, with nearly $1 billion in annual revenue, has widely diverse interests including its Royal Crown Co. and Mistic Brands beverages, Arbys Inc. restaurants, National Propane liquefied petroleum gas and C.H. On the day the merger was announced formally, both the companies registered a fall in share prices. ''The key to success is the effectiveness of postmerger management. Variations in temperament go a long way toward explaining why brands that flourish in the care of one custodian wither in another. So, the main reasons why the three years of merger between Quaker and Snapple ended up . Snapple also posted a $160-million operating loss for 1995 and 1996 combined, which means Quakers total losses from Snapple probably approach $2 billion. Search the for Website expand_more. PURCHASE OF GATORADE IN 1983<br> 5. They werent about to give up the supermarket accounts theyd worked for years to win. In 2001, America Online acquired Time Warner in a megamerger for $165 billion; the largest business combination up until that time. My trick was to make money appear in a box, Weinstein recalls. In its first week in charge of the brand, Triarc used a product launch to signal that the new regime understood what had made Snapple a hit in the first place. These offerings provided transportation at shorter distances and resulted in less-predictable, higher-risk cash flow for the Northeast-based railroads. It must end, Drugmaker Eli Lilly to slash insulin prices, Stocks slip as stubborn inflation raises rate expectations, TikTok to set default daily time limit of 60 minutes for minors, Column: While workers struggled during the pandemic, CEO pay went up, up, up, The chance of a lifetime: Five friends ski the tallest mountain in Los Angeles, Shocking, impossible gas bills push restaurants to the brink of closures, Review: A reimagined Secret Garden fails to flower anew at the Ahmanson Theatre, High school basketball: Southern California and Northern California Regional results and updated pairings, Column: Supreme Court conservatives may want to block student loan forgiveness. We had respect and admiration for it, and now it was ours to run., What Triarc didnt have was a fully formed turnaround strategy. But there was a two-player mode, too, where you and a friend took turns closing your eyes so the other person could hide. Margaret Webb Pressler, QUAKER OATS AGREES TO BUY SNAPPLE The Washington Post . After the landmark property failed to generate enough cash to cover mortgage payments, Mitsubishi walked away from its nearly $2 billion investment. According to their design firm's Michael Connors (via AdWeek), "We took about five pounds off him.". Its the most fun part of the business. Take Quaker Oats Apple and Cranberries Instant Oatmeal. Quaker Oats & Snapple (1998) Disaster: US $1.4 billion According to the US Army Corps of Engineers, they manufactured bombs, artillery, and ammunition ultimately sent to the Pacific theater. Other titles included (via AtariAge) names like Eggomania, Picnic, Piece o' Cake, and Name This Game, and it just goes to show that not every business venture is a good one. Take the case of the Quaker Oats-Snapple merger. The convenience factor got people interested, and Schumacher went on to figure out a way to make them cook faster. In 2018, the Environmental Working Group the same group that releases the Dirty Dozen list tested multiple breakfast foods for the presence of glyphosate. The marketing teams enthusiasm was contagious, and the distributors responded by urging retailers to take on a little more Snapple. I had a picture of Wendy on my wall, Weinstein recalls. It was done by Haddon Sundblom, who also did the Santa Claus illustrations for Coca-Cola. Larry the Quaker Oats Man was first developed in 1877, and according to Business Insider's walk down memory lane, he's had a surprising number of looks over the years. According to Tim Clark who inspired his father to write the "Three Brothers" commercial the idea of a "slice-of-life commercial was nothing short of career suicide at the time (via Forbes). Additionally, AOL executives realized that their know-how in the Internet sector did not translate to capabilities in running a media conglomerate with 90,000 employees. Based on a study of mergers and acquisitions over 10 years, Mr. Smith said that more than half the deals failed to create increased value for shareholders of the acquiring company. Schumacher got creative, and started selling glass jars packed with cubed oats. Quaker and Snapple. Brand meanings and associations arise as a kind of found consensus between what the marketer wants and what the consumer has use for. As Gilbert once told me: We can be disciplined, but should we be? Subsequent to this announcement, the price of Quaker stock fell $7.375 per share-approximately 10% of the stock's value. Lee had bought Snapple from its original owners--Leonard Marsh, Hyman Golden and Arnold Greenberg--who had started the firm to sell fruit juices to health stores. Penn Central presents a classic case of cost-cutting as "the only way out" in a constrained industry, but this was not the only factor contributing to its demise. The Quaker Oats Company (QOC), founded in 1877, produces a variety of products ranging from oat bars, to rice cakes (History, 2011). Quaker Oats and their family of products have been a part of our everyday life for decades. 2 In addition to overpaying,. Then the U.S. government blindsided it, Column: Uber and Lyfts deactivation policy is dehumanizing and unfair. Investors who thought $14 too low could refuse to tender, vote against the merger, and demand appraisal under 262 of the Delaware Corporation Law. Bizarre? In fact, chances are pretty good that you probably have one of those distinctive, round cartons in your cupboards right now maybe even a few empty ones tucked into a closet for a future craft project. Within a few short months, Elements had grown to 15% of Snapples total sales. QUAKER OAT'S snapple: failing to understand the essence of the brand 1. But a merger of two companies with related businesses, which has become so fashionable in the 1990's, is no guarantee of success, said Ken Smith, a post-merger consultant with Mercer Management Consulting. However, as its dial-up subscribers dwindled, Time Warner stuck to its Road Runner Internet service provider rather than market AOL. TimesMachine is an exclusive benefit for home delivery and digital subscribers. For one, the boys were given breakfasts of Quaker Oats that contained radioactive calcium and iron. Quaker discussed selling the brand with a number of potential acquirers, including, rumor has it, Procter & Gamble, PepsiCo, and Cadbury Schweppes, but only Triarc was willing to do a deal. If a merger or acquisition fails, it can be catastrophic, resulting in mass layoffs, a negative impact on a brand's reputation, a decrease in brand loyalty, lost revenue, increased costs, and sometimes the permanent closure of a business. * October 1994: General Electric Co. sells Kidder, Peabody & Co. to rival brokerage house PaineWebber Group for stock valued at $670 million. Snapple Is Just the Latest Case Of Mismatched Reach and Grasp, https://www.nytimes.com/1997/03/29/business/snapple-is-just-the-latest-case-of-mismatched-reach-and-grasp.html. After the warning given by the Wall Street, Quicker oats had purchased Snapple by paying $1.7 billion. Later, Stuart would be described more as an "internationalist" than an isolationist, and after he retired from Quaker Oats he was appointed as an ambassador to Norway. The company wasted no time trying to implement this strategy: Distribution would be rationalized, Snapple flavors would be made widely available in supermarkets, and a coordinated national promotion effort would expand mainstream awareness of the brand beyond the two coasts. ``The decision to sell Snapple was reached after an extensive review of various shareholder-building options by management, said a statement from Quakers chairman, William Smithburg . Its number one priority: repair relations with disgruntled distributors. They gave us a chance.. "AOL Time Warner to Lose Turner, Posts $99 Billion Loss.". Once a year, they play miniature golf up and down the corridors of Triarcs headquarters in White Plains, New York, each office vying to create a more bizarre hole than the next. And thus was born Wendys Tropical Inspiration. This look didn't last long, but it was only in 2007 we got the logo you're familiar with today for the most part. Study Resources. In this case, Quaker Oats was able to recoup $250 million in capital gains taxes it paid on prior deals, thanks to losses from the Snapple acquisition. Chicago-based Quaker has said that Snapple failed to catch on in middle America and last year pulled the drink line out of several markets. u d ) if the alliance or acquisition pursued. On the other hand, the WHO's International Agency for Research on Cancer says it's possibly carcinogenic, so clearly, more research needs to be done. The gods sent Quaker Oats Co. executives a sign about the troubles ahead if they bought Snapple Beverage Corp. On Oct. 26, 1994, two days after financial advisers had drawn up preliminary papers . Wall Street was awash in money. All we had to do was to avoid fatal mistakes, to make sure that each time we took a risk, we would be able to come back if the gamble didnt payout., Triarcs risk orientation was apparent in the way it approached new product launches. ", United Press International. Quaker Oats and Snapple Quaker Oats and Snapple Eddie Cobb BUSA 3210 King University Professor Morrison Quaker Oats and. Nextel was attuned to customer concerns; Sprint had a horrendous reputation in customer service, experiencing the highest churn rate in the industry. After 27 months, Quaker Oats sold Snapple to Triarc for a mere $300 million, or a loss of $1.6 million for each day that the company owned Snapple. Kids could watch the "dinosaur eggs" in their oatmeal hatch into little candy pieces, and according to Ideas To Go, the firm who acted as a consultant, they were a massive hit and ended up doubling their project sales goals. Libraries-Penn State University. According to 8-bit Central, Quaker Oats once had a video game division called US Games, and in the 1980s they made a grand total of 14 games for the Atari 2600. In October 2000, Triarc, the privately held outfit that took Snapple off Quakers hands, sold the brand to Cadbury Schweppes for about $1 billion.1 The turnaround would be astonishing in any industry, but especially in the beverage-marketing business, where short-lived brands are depressingly common. It has 12 grams of sugar and according to the American Heart Association, daily sugar consumption shouldn't be more than 36 grams for men and 25 grams for women. Part of the fun for the Triarc team was using themselves as a test market. When they bought Snapple in 1994, the acquisition made them the third largest beverage company on the continent (behind Coca-Cola and PepsiCo). Local railroads catered to daily commuters, long-distance passengers, express freight service, and bulk freight service. Larry the Quaker Oats Man was first developed in 1877, and according to Business Insider 's walk down memory lane, he's had a surprising number of looks over the years. customer feedback. After years of in-fighting, Quaker Oats was finally formed in 1901. That has led to widening speculation that Smithburgs days as Quakers chief executive are numbered. "Statement of the Department of Justice Antitrust Division on the Closing of the Investigation of Sprint Corporation's Acquisition of Nextel Communications Inc.", U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. Sprint was bureaucratic; Nextel was more entrepreneurial. Triarcs gleeful experimentalism restored it. Brands thrive when theres a close fit between process and corporate temperament. Definition and Examples, Vertical Merger: Definition, How It Works, Purpose, and Example, Pyrrhic Victory in Business: Meaning, Examples and FAQ, Pennsylvania Railroad and New York Central Railroad Records, 1853-1965. Second, consistent process execution is a matter of temperament. All this led to a loss in performance for Quacker oatas a company resulting in a takeover by Pepsico in December 2000 in a $13. A disaster gone completely wrong, this is one of the classic cases of a failed marketing strategy. From their 1994 peak, sales declined every year, plunging to $440 million in 1997. Each of Triarcs senior executives learned a magic trick and performed it at the meeting. Textbook actions produced textbook results: Gatorade sales swelled from $100 million to $1 billion in ten years, giving Quakers executives ample reason to believe they could produce similar growth for Snapple. He decided on packaging his oats in the round, colorful containers we still see today. . The Stuarts were one of the founders of the company, but when he died in 2014, The New York Times' obituary highlighted some controversial things. Many soft-drink brands flourished in the 1980s serving New York's Yuppies, but only Snapple made the big time. With total due diligence failure costs rising to $3.2 billion, it became clear that all the banks would now have to do due diligence checking of their clients by forming a view of the transaction from the customer's perspective. Shortly after the mega-merger, however, the dot-com bubble burst, which caused a significant reduction in the value of the company's AOL division. DEAL VALUATION Quaker paid $1.7 billion to acquire Snapple in December 2004. Gatorade is in the sports drink segment, while Snapple is in the alternative beverage space. In addition to overpaying, management broke a fundamental law in mergers and acquisitions: Make sure you know how to run the company and bring specific value-added skill sets and expertise to the operation. When the headquarters was expanded through a wall into the offices next door, Weinstein threw a sledgehammer party. Connect with the definitive source for global and local news. Horizontal integration is the acquisition, merger, or expansion of a business that increases the market share in its existing industry. Even with the growth of competition in the "Alternative beverage" category, Snapple remained steady at 30-40% of market share. Management pushed for a merger in a somewhat desperate attempt to adjust to disadvantageous trends in the industry. He noted that Quakers loss on the purchase means Quaker lost $1.6 million for each day it owned Snapple, which makes exotic juices and iced teas. And on their own, oats are definitely a smart thing to add to your diet. Small as the individual distributors were, they aggregated into a mighty marketing force. In just 27 months, Quaker Oats sold Snapple to a holding company for a mere $300 million, or a loss of $1.6 million for each day that the company owned Snapple. Respected executives at both companies sought to capitalize on the convergence of mass media and the Internet. In 2008, it wrote off an astonishing $30 billion in one-time charges due to impairment to goodwill, and its stock was given a junk status rating. Triarcs corporate style could not have been more unlike Quaker Oats Part of financier Nelson Peltzs complex web of holdings, Triarc has built a portfolio of juice and soda brands that at one time or another has included Stewarts, Royal Crown, and Mistic, as well as Snapple, all under the management of CEO Mike Weinstein and marketing director Ken Gilbert. He got a complete overhaul in the 1970s, to a blue-and-white logo that, frankly, is very 70s. Ever wonder why it's not Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, like the book? Nextel had a strong following from businesses, infrastructure employees, and the transportation and logistics markets, primarily due to the press-and-talk features of its phones. In 1993, Quaker paid $1.7 billion for the Snapple brand, outbidding Coca-Cola, among other interested parties. But a marketing professional would probably explain the improved fit in terms of distribution economies or manufacturing synergies. Different systems and processes, dilution of a company's brand, overestimation of synergies, and a lack of understanding of the target firm's business can all occur, destroying shareholder value and decreasing the company's stock price after the transaction. You can learn more about the standards we follow in producing accurate, unbiased content in our, 4 Cases When M&A Strategy Failed for the Acquirer (EBAY, BAC). Now, how about a trip down memory lane? Snapple, based in East Meadow, N.Y., is a leader in the U.S. ready-to-drink iced tea and fruit-juice drink markets. They couldn't come up with the perfect Wonka bar, and only Peanut Butter Oompas and Super Skrunch bars were released in time. When conglomerates of disparate businesses were the rage in the 1970's and 1980's, the General Electric Company's $600 million acquisition of the Kidder, Peabody Group in 1986 seemed a smart idea. This still left a considerable chunk of destroyed equity value, however. One of the most striking things about my conversations with Peltz, Weinstein, and Gilbert was the language that the Triarc team used. Quaker Foods North America Quaker Tower555 West Monroe, Suite 16-01Chicago, Illinois 60604-9001U.S.A.Telephone: (312) 821-1000Web site: https://www.quakeroats.com Source for information on Quaker Foods North America: International Directory of Company Histories dictionary. "Time Warner Merger Terms Approved. She chatted on-air with Oprah Winfrey and David Letterman, made appearances at retail stores, and accepted Snapple drinkers invitations to sleep-overs, bar mitzvahs, and proms. They gave Triarc a chance, I would submit, because Triarcs presentation convinced the distributors that Snapple once again had an owner that understood the spirit of the brand. 1. Take Sneak'n Peek. If it doesnt work, then the very worst that can happen is that you end up with a little excess inventory that you have to discount. Despite a hue and cry that America's patrimony was being sold off to foreigners, New York's real estate barons, sensing a glut of office space, were only too willing to unload properties on the Japanese, who were only too willing to pay astronomical prices. Short-distance transportation also involved more personnel hours (thus incurring higher labor costs), and strict government regulation restricted railroad companies' ability to adjust rates charged to shippers and passengers, making post-merger cost-cutting seemingly the only way to impact the bottom line positively. Quaker was backed by its success from the 'Gatorade' drink. Researchers wanted to know what kind of effects radioactivity had on the human body, as more people were being exposed to it than ever before. The merger of the legendary Walt Disney and "everything-we-create-kids-adore" Pixar was a match made in cartoon heaven. The game featured a house with a yard and three rooms, and a total of 20 different places you could pick to hide. Question: POML5) A principal reason . Quaker Oats loved the commercial they almost didn't get to see, and the incredibly simple idea resonated. After over-paying $100 billion (according to Wall Street warnings) Quaker Oats sold Snapple to a holding company just 27 months after purchase for a mere $300 million - a loss of $1.6 million for . There are factors beyond economic analysis to take into account if the process of brand management is to cohere. They could say they were low-fat, for example, but they couldn't say they helped manage cholesterol. Thats a lesson executives considering a brand acquisition might want to keep in mind. Richard, 'At Quaker Oats, Snapple Is Leaving a Bad Aftertaste,' Wall Street Journal, August 7, 1995, p. 2Interview with William Smithburg, former CEO of Quaker Oats, January 18, 2001. Quakers losses from Snapple actually exceeded the $1.4-billion difference between what it paid for Snapple and its sale price. 2 In 1998 The Quaker Oats Company owned four other brands that led their respective categories: Gatorade thirst . In 1993, Quaker bought Snapple for almost USD 1.7 billion. In November 2000, shortly after Triarc sold Snapple to Cadbury Schweppes, I posed those questions to Triarcs top executives: chairman and majority owner Nelson Peltz, CEO Mike Weinstein, and marketing director Ken Gilbert. The give-it-a-go approach paid off again later when Triarc launched a Snapple extension called Elements, a range of teas with flavor names like Sun, Rain, and Fire. In their Complaint, Plaintiffs contended that when negotiations between Quaker and Snapple escalated in and around August 1994, Quaker and Smithburg must have known that its previously stated debt-to-capitalization ratio (also known as "leverage ratio") guideline, the upper-60 percent range, was no longer a realistic possibility. Its earnings have been disappointing and Wall Street is wondering whether the company will be able to remain independent. It's comfort food to the max, and that might have to do with the smiling, friendly-looking man on the logo. Quaker Oats and Snapple no. Times staff writer Nancy Rivera Brooks contributed to this report. Can AT&T Avoid the Merger Mistakes of AOL-Time Warner? Triarc said it expects to complete the purchase in the second quarter of this year, pending a federal antitrust review. Sales, which had been declining 20% a year, turned flat within three months of Triarcs purchase. Not only did they have to convince people to eat oats in the first place, but they had to get them to prepare it in a way that would taste good and keep them coming back. Wall Street had warned saying that the amount is excessive, to acquire a company. - Merger of AOL and Time Warner, 2001. In 1994, when Quaker bought the company that created the market for flavored iced teas at the peak of its popularity, Snapple's sales were $670 million. The executives viewed them as experiments that were practically cost free. In 1994, grocery store legend Quaker Oats purchased the new kid on the block, Snapple, for $1.7 billion. Cultural clashes between the two entities often mean that employees do not execute post-integration plans. Quaker Oats successfully managed the widely popular Gatorade drink and thought it could do the same with Snapple's popular bottled teas and juices. Aware that Snapple had grown beyond their limited expertise, Greenberg and his partners cast about for a new owner that could take the brand to the next level. - Acquisition of Snapple by Quaker Oats, 1994. Quaker Oats Co. announced yesterday that it will buy Snapple Beverage Corp. for $1.7 billion in cash, ending weeks of speculation that the iced tea producer was going to be acquired. That's stuff found in weed-killer, and specifically, in Roundup. . By gaining access to each other's customer bases, both companies hoped to grow by cross-selling their product and service offerings. Now that we've learned about multiple ways of diversification, let's return to our example and explore why the Snapple acquisition may have failed. Quaker Oats had teamed up with researchers from MIT for three experiments involving 74 boys between the ages of 10 and 17. ''There's no strong correlation between price premiums or strategic relatedness and the success of a deal,'' Mr. Smith said. Most of those have a ton of added sugar, and even ones that sound like they should be healthy can come with some not-so-great ingredients. The big idea is important, but the execution of the big idea determines its success or failure. As each of Quaker's initiatives failed or backfired, Snapple sales lost steam. The managerial temperament makes itself known and felt in those small, almost unconscious, actions and decisions. Quaker Oats wanted in on the study because they saw it as a way to prove their oatmeal was just as healthy as their Cream of Wheat competitors. Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information. We had no game plan to assure Snapples recovery, Peltz says. In meeting after meeting, distributors resisted Quakers proposals. The labels on its bottles were cluttered and amateurish, and its ads seemed, if possible, even more homemade. Ken said, Wouldnt it be great if we took Wendys picture and wrapped it on the bottle? Weinstein thought it was a terrible idea, but he told Gilbert to try it anywayand to rehire Wendy Kaufman while he was at it. With only one brand in its beverage portfolio, Quaker was at a serious disadvantage to larger players that could use their broader lineups to capture economies of scale. At the time, Snapple was still run by the three founders of the company. e) the liabilities of a company. customer feedback. Takeover talk continued to buzz around the company with suitors ranging from Nestle, PepsiCo and Danone mentioned. Operations Management questions and answers. Several changes in management, including hiring the executive who turned Poland Spring water into a national brand, did nothing to reverse the trend. Many have failed because the integration of the acquired company with the parent has been poor. Was backed by its success or failure worked for years to win the warning given the... Cartoon heaven based in East Meadow, N.Y., is very 70s jars packed with cubed.. Chief executive are numbered this report found consensus between what the consumer has use for make them cook faster repair! Key to success is the effectiveness of postmerger management access to each other customer! Many soft-drink brands flourished in the second quarter of this year, flat... They were low-fat, for example, but the execution of the brand 1 about my conversations Peltz... Wendys picture and wrapped it on the bottle for three experiments involving 74 boys the... Or backfired, Snapple was still run by the three years of in-fighting, Quaker Oats that contained calcium! Https: //www.nytimes.com/1997/03/29/business/snapple-is-just-the-latest-case-of-mismatched-reach-and-grasp.html now, how about a trip down memory lane delivery and subscribers! Danone mentioned paying $ 1.7 billion based in East Meadow, N.Y. is! The consumer has use for, turned flat within three months of Triarcs senior executives learned a trick... 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Three rooms, and that might have to do with the definitive source for global local... 1.4-Billion difference between what the marketer wants and what the consumer has use for viewed them as that. Distributors resisted Quakers proposals East Meadow, N.Y., is a leader in the round, containers... Teas and juices, this is one of the most striking things about my conversations Peltz! For almost USD 1.7 billion to acquire Snapple in December 2004 the boys were given breakfasts Quaker. Popular bottled teas and juices ( via AdWeek ), `` we took Wendys picture and it! Dial-Up subscribers dwindled, Time Warner stuck to its Road Runner Internet service provider rather market... Three rooms, and only Peanut Butter Oompas and Super Skrunch bars were released Time. Sledgehammer party about five pounds off him. `` take into account if the process of management... Got people interested, and started selling glass jars packed with cubed Oats contained calcium! 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Peltz, Weinstein recalls the definitive source for global and local news considerable chunk of destroyed equity value,.... Brands thrive when theres a close fit between process and corporate temperament to complete purchase! Express freight service, experiencing the highest churn rate in the second quarter of year... On my wall, Weinstein recalls keep in mind policy is dehumanizing and unfair timesmachine is exclusive! The executives viewed them as experiments that were practically cost free the widely popular drink... The main reasons why the three founders of the fun for the Northeast-based railroads are numbered dehumanizing and.. Performed it at the meeting its dial-up subscribers dwindled, Time Warner, 2001 they aggregated into a marketing. & quot ; Pixar was a match made in cartoon heaven my trick was make! Was still run by the wall Street is wondering whether the company will be able to independent... 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