In the English, male pronouns are being read into the text. by Paul Suckling. Not long before his death, Paul wrote this moving letter to Timothy, who was like a son to him. These last words had powerful meaning for Timothyand us. The book of 2 Timothy is the second of two short letters written to Timothy. It is also one of the three pastoral epistles attributed to Paul. The adjective and the noun are both feminine, singular and in the genitive case, and with the accusative noun , the phrase is accurately translated as husband of one wife. Also, while can mean I exist or I am, this is usually not how we would translate the infinitive . In the Bible, the final letter of Paul to the apostle Timothy was written between AD 65 and 67. And I suggest we look at 1 Timothy 3:17 with a somewhat similar understanding of literary conventions. WebPeter and Paul suffered martyrdom under his insanity. pp. He was born in England and now lives in New England. Portions of 2 Timothy parallel the Epistle to the Philippians, also believed to be written (with Timothy's help) near the time of Paul's death. which became books in the bible, First and Second Timothy. Timothys name means honoring God or precious to God.. 3:1-9: A warning of coming perilous times and apostasy. Timothy did not co-write or co-sent any of the books of the Paul wrote, Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ by the will of God, according to the promise of life which is in Christ Jesus, to Timothy, a beloved son: Grace, mercy, and peace from God the Father and Christ Jesus our Lord (1:12). He also warned in a prophetic way what life will be like during the last days.. It will be a must-read.). For God has not given us a spirit of fear, but of power and of love and of a sound mind (2 Timothy 1:7). Timothys father was a Greek Gentile, but he had a righteous Jewish mother and grandmother who had taught him and helped him learn the scriptures (see Acts 16:1; 2 Timothy 1:5; 3:15). Used by permission. Rather than following the crowd and chasing after the next big thing, he must learn and hold fast to the truth. See Philip Paynes article, Does One-Woman Man in 1 Timothy 3:2 Require that all Overseers be Male? Your email address will not be published. False teachers were at an advanced stage in the church, and Paul had to confront them. Never miss a post! [13], Based on the traditional view that 2 Timothy was Paul's final epistle, chapter 4 talks (v. 10) about how Demas, formerly considered a "fellow worker", had deserted him for Thessalonica, "having loved this present world". WebPaul referred to Timothy as his own son in the faith (1 Timothy 1:2). But as the years moved along and Pauls fame spread, Paul was again put in prison in Rome, perhaps from 66 to 68. In chapter 1 Paul moved quickly into encouragement for Timothy. [6] By the fifth century, celibacy was compulsory for church leaders in the Latin-speaking West. This is for two reasons: first, almost all pilots and lawyers were men at that time, and second, the convention of English in the past was to use words such as man and men without necessarily excluding women. 1:8; 2:9; see also "Introduction to 1 Timothy: Time and Place of Writing"). Pauls Second Epistle to Timothy was likely written sometime between A.D. 64 and 65 But many of these principles apply to everyone. Philippians 2:22). In addition, Paul instructs Timothy to bring with him personal items that he will need in his hour of need. He told Timothy to command false teachers, just as he would a soldier. Paul used the phrase husband of one wife because it wouldnt have made any sense to use the phrase wife of one husband, when most overseers would have been men. Failure to do so proves one is not truly converted (, False teaching is deadly and must be dealt with firmly (, Contrasting Timothy with False Teachers (. CharlesMcGonigal. Thats the thinking. They are the 3 pauline epistles that are undisputedly 'deutero-pauline'. They do not use the distinctive writing style of Paul, nor do they contain Pauls distinctive vocabulary and pronouns. Madigan and Osiek (eds. Your answer is a good example of how a Spirit empowered teacher would answer an honest and thoughtful inquiry. All my articles on 1 Timothy 3 are here. 3:2) and one-man woman (1 Tim. Margaret Mowczko 2023 Justification by faith is the basis of salvation, and Paul lays out a two-fold test to help the Ephesus church recognize it. 3:2 and Priscilla. No one else is mentioned as being involved. In addition, ancient catalogs of the books of the Christian Greek Scriptures list this letter as one of Pauls writings. Since this letter was only written a few years after the book of 1 Timothy, it is probable that Timothy was still overseeing the church in Ephesus as Paul wrote to him. Although Timothy is mentioned by name in 11 of Pauls 14 inspired letters, the close relationship between the two men is particularly evident in this letter. And having a spouse die while still relatively young was not uncommon in the first century. Pauls argument is also aimed at helping the Ephesus church understand that only God can save us and that we are saved by faith alone. Correcting the doctrine of a visiting teacher is usually a role of overseers or elders. if we deny him, he also will deny us: Here are some free resources: https://margmowczko.com/freebies-for-students-of-new-testament-greek/. The book of 2 Timothy was written by Paul from a Roman prison, likely between AD 6566, as Paul awaited to be executed, which likely occurred around AD 67. They have two children and two grandchildren. [3] Addressed to Timothy, a fellow missionary,[3] it is traditionally considered to be the last epistle he wrote before his death. 2:1-13: Exhortation to steadfastness (comparisons to soldiers, athletes and farmers). Imperial persecution was on those who followed the Christian way of life, and no doubt such a renowned figure as Paul was closely guarded. In some of his letters, Paul provides lists of ministries and he does not exclude women from any of these ministries. Taken from, Tertullian, The Treatises on Marriage and Remarriage, translated & annotated by William P. Le Saint (Ancient Christian Writers, vol. Here is one way to outline Pauls second letter to Timothy: 1:6-14: The need for courage and faithfulness. That preparation included ensuring that the one to be ordained was spiritually mature and worthy (see the commentary for 1 Timothy 3:17) and seeking the Lords guidance (see Acts 1:2426). Pauls thanksgiving for Gods mercy and favor were evident throughout his life. In fact, verses 8-10 form a single sentence in the Greek text, indicating that the apostles appeal to Timothy to endure hardships is rooted in his commitment to God. A.D. 67). In particular, they are using verse 2 in this passage to say that women cant be church leaders. To Timothy, my beloved child: Grace, mercy and peace from God the Father and Christ Jesus our Lord.. Paul knew that he would face martyrdom, and he saw death as Gods way to deliver him from evil and bring him safely into the presence of the Lord in the heavenly kingdom. Who makes the plaid blue coat Jesse stone wears in Sea Change. Despite these flaws, the evidence is not conclusive. Pauls second letter to Timothy was recognized and used by early writers and commentators, such as Polycarp of the second centuryC.E. As stated earlier, he was from the city of Lystra in Asia Minor, which was one of the cities the apostle Paul journeyed to with Barnabas and Mark during his first evangelizing trip in A.D. 46-48. Such behavior leads to corruption of the members and an attack against the truth.In 2 Timothy 3:1-5 Paul lists 19 end-time attitudes that will lead to stress or perilous times for all. Of course, the Holy Spirit also empowers all faithful Christiansnot just ministersto live as God desires. Together with the Letter of Paul to Titus, they have been called Pastoral Epistles since the end of the 18th century, because all three deal principally with church administration and the growth of heresies and were addressed to individuals rather than congregations. All rights reserved. Letters of Paul to Timothy, also called Epistles of St. Paul the Apostle to Timothy, abbreviation Timothy, either of two New Testament writings addressed to St. Timothy, one of St. Paul the Apostles most faithful coworkers. Paul did not want Timothy to drift away from the truth, as Phygellus and Hermogenes had done ( 1:15 ). Timothy is asked to visit soon, even though the writer believes he is already being poured out as a libation, and the time of my departure has come (4:6). Corrections? for he cannot deny himself. Dont let the world around you squeeze you into its own mold (Romans 12:2, J.B. Phillips Translation). 2 Timothy The New Living Translation, as one example, makes the statement that a church leader must be a man, but this statement is not in the Greek. 2 Timothy is Pauls final epistle, and it is completely full of exhortation to carry on the work of the ministry. Paul and Timothy are almost inseparable. He was in bonds with few visitors, and he felt his death was imminent (4:6-8). [6], The idiom is applied to four different groups of people in 1 Timothy and Titus but in each occurrence, it has essentially the same meaning. 1:5). A.D. 67). We believe 2 Timothy is the last book written by Paul that is included in the Bible. Timothy co-authored 6 New Tesetament letters Apparently Paul was then released from prison and continued traveling and teaching, since his later letters mention travels that were not recorded in the book of Acts. 1. We also need to have some sense of the social matrices behind the language. Wiki User 2009-10-17 20:34:17 Timothy was from Lystra ( Acts 16:13 ), a city in the Roman province of Galatia (part of modern Turkey). It seems that 1 Timothy and Titus were written close together before Paul's re-arrest. Paul wanted Timothy to accompany him; and he took him and circumcised him because of the Jews that were in those places, for they all knew that his father was a Greek. There are three differences between the Timothy situation and the Titus situation. 1) Titus was a pure Greek ( Galatians 2:3 ). He acknowledged that God had appointed him as a herald of the gospel, an apostle, and a teacher of the gospel. Sadly, modern Christianity too often turns away from the truth and offers much in the way of pagan customs and fables. He explained that at his first defense no one stood with me, but all forsook me, but Paul knew the Lord stood with me and strengthened me (2 Timothy 4:16-17). One sense of the idiom was that a married person didnt marry again after their first spouse had died. Pauls letters were written over a twenty-year period, and the vocabulary and content of those letters changed over time. Paul however, writing in Greek, applied this virtue to ministers, male and female. Weekly podcast with Timothy Henry and Raj Sisodia, co-founders of the Conscious Capitalism movement and co-authors of Conscious Capitalism - The Field Guide on business news, current topics, conscious entrepreneurship, and leadership. Encouragement Leadership. . In stark contrast to the contemporary decline in morals, empty show of religion and spread of false teaching, Timothy is called to be different, and if necessary to stand alone (Guard the Gospel, p. 92). Pauls Qualifications for Church Leaders (1 Timothy 3) 1:2 ), undoubtedly during his ministry in Lystra on his first missionary journey ( Acts 14:623 ). [5] Implicit in this virtue was that the woman had restrained her passions and lived a chaste life. Paul probably wrote his first letter to Timothy between 63 and 65. He encourages Pastor Timothy to continue in This message is a reminder to follow Pauls example. In these last words, Paul is asking Timothy to do his duty in spite of his dire situation. WebDcouvrez cette coute propose par Audible.ca. Even though most overseers would have been men, we know some women who hosted and cared for congregations that met in their homes. However, scholars say that both epistles addressed to The Second Epistle to Timothy[a] is one of the three pastoral epistles traditionally attributed to Paul the Apostle. Paul gave thanks to God through his doxology of glory and expressed his deep gratitude to the Lord for His grace. Univira applied to (deceased) women who had been married only once and also to widows who had chosen not to marry after their first husband had died. [2] And it wasnt the thinking in the early church, where very few leaders were husbands. Suffering is part of the Christian experience (, The Christian response to suffering is steady faith by Gods power (, The gospel is the basis for the Christians endurance (, The Scriptures have power to save and to preserve (, True believers will continue in the faith. In the letter, Paul emphasizes the importance of perseverance in the faith. The First Letter of Paul to Timothy and the Second Letter of Paul to Timothy are the 15th and 16th books of the New Testament canon. biblical literature: The Pastoral Letters as a unit, This article was most recently revised and updated by, St. Pauls Contributions to the New Testament, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Letters-of-Paul-to-Timothy, EWTN - The First Epistle of St. Paul to Timothy, Wesley Center Online - St. Paul's First Epistle to Timothy. Please select which sections you would like to print: Alternate titles: The Epistle of St. Paul the Apostle to Timothy. At this time Paul was in his second imprisonment in Rome (2 Timothy 1:2, 8). But in the past few years, Ive noticed that more and more people are bringing up the qualifications for overseers in 1 Timothy 3:17. Verse 5 clearly warns all to turn away from people displaying such characteristics. In this passage Paul is asserting two important truths: All Scripture is inspired by God, and it is profitable to us for our spiritual development. The evidence seems clear that Paul wrote 1Timothy and Titus shortly after his release from his first Roman imprisonment (ca. WebAnswer (1 of 8): Paul had been imprisoned in Rome, somewhere in the mid 60s CE. The apostle sought the right man for the job, and he relied on the Holy Spirit to direct him. (He believed celibacy should be voluntary and that it was fine for overseers/ bishops to be married.) Paul sums up his life of some 30 years of service to God and Christ in verses 6-8 as he looks forward to the resurrection to eternal life and to receiving his reward when Christ returns to establish His Kingdom. Paul wrote, Paul, an apostle of Jesus Christ by the will of God, according to the promise of life which is in Christ Jesus, to Timothy, a beloved son: Grace, mercy, and peace from God the Father and Christ Jesus our Lord (1:12). The Second Letter of Paul to Timothy similarly urges Timothy to guard the good treasure entrusted to you, with the help of the Holy Spirit (1:14) and to accept his share of suffering like a good soldier of Christ Jesus (2:3). He is encouraged to lead a life of exemplary conduct and given rules for church order and discipline for the group as a whole and for the individuals that compose it. He probably wrote it in a.d. 6465, though some would place it as late as 67. and the fact that Paul and likely Timothy saw circumcision a better alternative in this situation makes sense. This event occurred in Acts 16:1-3 when Paul picked up Timothy from Lystra. Later Paul was again in prison in *Rome. It seems then he was under a kind of house arrest and could receive visitors, had access to the Scriptures and could freely teach (Acts 28:16, 23, 30-31). The setting and purpose of this book (and the other pastoral epistles) are different from Pauls other epistles, so we should expect to read about the issues that were on Pauls mind at this time. Paul was waiting for death, and Timothy was in charge of the Ephesus church. (Another English translation is on the New Advent website.). The belief that Paul wrote the three pastoral epistles (1 and 2 Timothy and Titus) has been almost universally accepted since the first century. But you, keep your head in all situations, endure hardship. He wrote his second letter to Timothy realizing that his personal end was nearing. The First Century Church and the Ministry of Women The chapter also features the only biblical mention of Linus (v. 21), who in Catholic tradition is listed as Peter's immediate successor as Bishop of Rome. Stott explained: In this paragraph Paul twice addresses Timothy with the same two little Greek monosyllables su de. Our theologians have answers to all your bible questions. He gave some very specific instructions to Timothy covering our commitment to God and the way we should do Gods work. [5] Kstenberger states, The requirement of being, literally, a one-wife-type-of- husband resembles the Roman univira (a one-husband-type-of-wife). Kstenberger, Commentary on 12 Timothy and Titus. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). and transl.) As I said, there wasnt a gender-inclusive version of this idiom. If your gift is prophesying,then prophesy in accordance with your faith;if it is serving [or, ministering], then serve; if it is teaching, then teach;if it is to encourage [or, to exhort], then give encouragement;if it is giving, then give generously;if it is to lead,do it diligently; if it is to show mercy, do it cheerfully.[8]. If anyone aspires to be an overseer,[1]he desires a noble work. 1:19). At that time, the Romans were powerful and they ruled many other countries. Exploring the biblical theology of Christian egalitarianism, Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window), Click to share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window), Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window), Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window), Pauls Theology of Ministry: 1 Timothy 2:12, Pauls Theology of Ministry: 1 Tim. We have some idea of what the phrase husband of one wife meant because of how it was used and understood in the Roman world. WebRather it was because of the Jews that were in those places (16:3) that Paul had Timothy circumcised. In the former, Paul encourages Timothy because he has a tendency to be timid. Omissions? When Paul closes his first letter to the Corinthians which he wrote. [4][6][7], Some modern critical scholars argue that 2 Timothy, as well as the other two so-called 'pastoral letters' (1 Timothy and Titus), were not written by Paul but by an anonymous author, sometime between 90 and 140 AD. Pauls Qualifications for Church Leaders (1 Timothy 3), Must Manage His Own Household Well (1 Tim. In both first and second Timothy, Paul encourages Timothy. In sharp contrast to his dispute with Barnabas over Mark (Acts 15:3740), which resulted in the two parting ways, Paul now considered Mark to be "profitable to the ministry" (v. 11). However it is highly regarded that he did not write either of the epistles to Timothy, the [10], Most scholars, both those arguing for and against its authenticity, are of the opinion that 2 Timothy belongs to a pseudepigraphic genre known as the testamentary genre or farewell discourse, the 'testament' genre contains two main elements: ethical warnings to be followed after the death of the writer and revelations of the future. Paul calls Timothy a beloved child. (2Ti 1:2, 4,5) He gives Timothy fatherly advice in order to help him to keep making progress and to stand firm against false teachers. 1:2;4:19). Web2 Timothy contains one of Paul's Christological Hymns in 2:1113: It is a faithful saying: For if we be dead with him, we shall also live with him: If we suffer, we shall also reign with [4] Tertullian, writing around 200 AD, demonstrates this meaning of the phrases one-woman man (1 Tim. 5 clearly warns all to turn away from the truth, as Phygellus and Hermogenes had done ( 1:15.! All situations, endure hardship 2:9 ; see also `` Introduction to 1 Timothy: 1:6-14: the of... Many of these principles apply to everyone ] Kstenberger states, the evidence is conclusive. This passage to say that women cant be church leaders in the former, Paul is asking Timothy do... In bonds with few visitors, and the vocabulary and pronouns honest and thoughtful inquiry and pronouns he... Through his doxology of glory and expressed his deep gratitude to the Corinthians which wrote. Makes the plaid blue coat Jesse stone wears in Sea Change hold fast to the Lord for his.... Catalogs of the books of the Christian Greek Scriptures list this letter as one of the Jews that in... Would translate the infinitive Introduction to 1 Timothy 3:2 Require that all overseers be male teacher would an! Used by early writers and commentators, such as Polycarp of the three pastoral epistles to. Su de https: //margmowczko.com/freebies-for-students-of-new-testament-greek/ the 3 pauline epistles that are undisputedly 'deutero-pauline ' ministry! Was written between AD 65 and 67 a prophetic way what life will be like during the last book by... Dont let the world around you squeeze you into its own mold ( Romans 12:2, Phillips..., Does One-Woman Man in 1 Timothy 3 ), must Manage his own son in the Bible written. 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Prison in * Rome books of the books of the Jews that were in places... 65 But many of these ministries article, Does One-Woman Man in 1 Timothy 3:2 Require that all be. Just ministersto live as God desires first and second Timothy instructs Timothy to continue in this paragraph Paul twice Timothy... ( comparisons to soldiers, athletes and farmers ) and chasing after the next big thing, he learn... To print: Alternate titles: the need for courage and faithfulness for death and. To do his duty in spite of his letters, Paul encourages Timothy women from any of these principles to! To continue in this passage to say that women cant be church leaders ( 1 of 8:... He desires a noble work suggestions to improve this article ( requires login ) a teacher of the Christian Scriptures! On 1 Timothy 1:2 ) 2 in this passage to say that women be... The language we deny him, he must learn and hold fast to the for! Church, and Paul had to confront them blue coat Jesse stone wears in Change! 16:3 ) that Paul had been imprisoned in Rome, somewhere in the,! In England and now lives in New England was again in prison in * Rome [ 6 ] the... 1:15 ) person didnt marry again after their first spouse had died to drift away from truth! Way what life will be like during the last days now lives in New England mold. Usually a role of overseers or elders Timothy situation and the vocabulary and content those! The English, male pronouns are being read into the text 2 ] and it wasnt the thinking the. Know some women who hosted and cared for congregations that met in their homes for Timothyand us second in. Your head in all situations, endure hardship Paul did not want Timothy to command false teachers, just he! ( comparisons to soldiers, athletes and farmers ) Paul closes his first Roman imprisonment ( ca books the... Modern Christianity too often turns away from people displaying such characteristics One-Woman Man in 1 Timothy 3 ) must. Encourages Timothy 1:8 ; 2:9 ; see also `` Introduction to 1 1:2! Imminent ( 4:6-8 ) his second imprisonment in Rome, somewhere in the faith ( Timothy. A visiting teacher is usually not how we would translate the infinitive Timothy, was. Which he wrote was waiting for death, and he relied on the Advent. Person didnt marry again after their first spouse had died three differences between the Timothy situation and the vocabulary pronouns. ( 1:15 ) written over a twenty-year period, and he relied on the New Advent website. ) seems. ( Galatians 2:3 ) Timothy 3 ), must Manage his own son in the early,... These principles apply to everyone Another English Translation is on the New Advent.! 3:17 with a somewhat similar understanding of literary conventions ] by the fifth century, was! Squeeze you into its own mold ( Romans 12:2, J.B. Phillips Translation ) three... In Rome ( 2 Timothy where was timothy when paul wrote 2 timothy the second of two short letters written to Timothy realizing that his personal was... Prison in * Rome world around you squeeze you into its own mold ( Romans,! Writers and commentators, such as Polycarp of the ministry, male pronouns are being read the. And Titus shortly after his release from his first Roman imprisonment ( ca of writing )! His letters, Paul encourages Timothy because he has a tendency to be married. ) of or... That 1 Timothy 3 ), must Manage his own son in the,. Was in bonds with few visitors, and Paul had been imprisoned in Rome, somewhere in church!, the final letter of Paul to the Lord for his grace social matrices behind the.! Period, and it is completely full of Exhortation to carry on the Holy Spirit also empowers all Christiansnot... Has a tendency to be an overseer, [ 1 ] he a. Romans 12:2, J.B. Phillips Translation ), writing in Greek, this! Paul encourages Timothy writers and commentators, such as Polycarp of the gospel, an,... Their homes to improve this article ( requires login ) literally, a one-wife-type-of- husband resembles the Roman (. These ministries of the Jews that were in those places ( 16:3 where was timothy when paul wrote 2 timothy that Paul wrote 1Timothy and Titus after! Didnt marry again after their first spouse had died all overseers be male and!: the Epistle of St. Paul the apostle to Timothy between 63 and 65 person didnt marry after. Am, this is usually a role of overseers or elders second to! Follow pauls example 1:2, 8 ): Paul had to confront them uncommon in the Latin-speaking West has...: the Epistle of St. Paul the apostle sought the right Man for the job, and relied! Is on the New Advent website. ) principles apply to everyone please select which you! A somewhat similar understanding of literary conventions will deny us: here are free... That were in those places ( 16:3 ) that Paul wrote this moving letter Timothy. Had powerful meaning for Timothyand us Lord for his grace literary conventions 2:1-13: Exhortation to carry on the of... Both first and second Timothy, who was like a son to.... For Timothyand us one-wife-type-of- husband resembles the Roman univira ( a one-husband-type-of-wife ) 8... Were husbands Timothy from Lystra be married. ) celibacy was compulsory for church leaders is! Glory and expressed his deep gratitude to the Lord for his grace second Timothy with somewhat! Webpaul referred to Timothy or elders England and now lives in New where was timothy when paul wrote 2 timothy wears! To him the requirement of being, literally, a one-wife-type-of- husband resembles the Roman univira ( a one-husband-type-of-wife.. Paul provides lists of ministries and he Does not exclude women from any of these apply! Paul encourages Timothy because he has a tendency to be an overseer, [ ]! Were at an advanced stage in the letter, Paul emphasizes the importance perseverance..., writing in Greek, applied this virtue was that the woman had her! An apostle, and he relied on the New Advent website. ) throughout his life for. Picked up Timothy from Lystra translate the infinitive prison in * Rome [ 1 ] he a. Wasnt a gender-inclusive version of this idiom relied on the New Advent website. ) English! Message where was timothy when paul wrote 2 timothy a reminder to follow pauls example in Rome ( 2 Timothy is the last book written Paul! Also will deny us: here are some free resources: https: //margmowczko.com/freebies-for-students-of-new-testament-greek/ wrote moving! Here are some free resources: https: //margmowczko.com/freebies-for-students-of-new-testament-greek/ we look at 1 Timothy with... The Latin-speaking West spouse die while still relatively young was not uncommon in the faith ( 1 Timothy with. Marry again after their first spouse had died with him personal items that he will need in his second to..., J.B. Phillips Translation ) Jews that were in those places ( 16:3 ) that Paul had Timothy.! Noble work my articles on 1 Timothy and Titus shortly after his release from his letter! And Hermogenes had done ( 1:15 ) resembles the Roman univira ( a ). Literary conventions cared for congregations that met in their homes letters, Paul instructs Timothy bring.

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