Thus there is no truth in the proposition of "Chola Throne" ties with "Vengi". The copper-plate inscription mention that Rajarajas powerful army crossed the ocean by ships and burnt up the kingdom of Lanka. On Wednesday, the southern state of Tamil Nadu is celebrating the 1,034th Sathaya Vizha marking the birth anniversary of one of the greatest emperors of the country - King Rajaraja Chola. The invasion of the Ganga country proved a complete success and the entire Ganga country came under the Chola rule for the next century. During the reign of Rajaraja Chola, there were continuous wars with the Western Chalukyas to assert supremacy and there are multiple epigraphic evidences that show that the Cholas were constantly fighting with the Chalukyas or against the vassals of the latter. Mahinda had to seek refuge in the southern region of Ruhuna. From that time, Chalukyas became the main antagonists of Cholas in the northwest. [16], To eliminate the remaining actor in the triumvirate, Rajaraja invaded Sri Lanka in 993 C.E. His natal star was Sadhayam. Nagapattinam, on the Bay of Bengal, had been the main port of the Cholas and could have been the navy headquarters. Parantaka Chola I who had made extensive conquests had in fact subdued the Deccan kingdom that flourished in this region in 913.C.E. His action in this respect is all the more laudable because his successors evidently followed his example and have left us more or less complete records of their conquests. Personal Life and Family. He came to the throne at the death of Uttama Chola after a long apprenticeship of a heir apparent. Rajaraja Cholan announces that his son Rajendra and the Chola army is helping the Vengai king Sakthivarman and his younger brother Vimalathithan recapture the kingdom from Satyasiriyan. [11], In the war against the Pandyas, Rajaraja seized the Pandya king Amarabhujanga and the Chola general captured the port of Virinam. It is not insignificant that his development was shaped by the conditions in Africa, and its particular position in the world at the beginning of the 20thcentury. Rajendra led the Chola armies against the Western Chalukyas and would turn Manyakheta, the Chalukyan capital into his own playground. In this campaign Rajaraja is said to have destroyed a fleet in the port of Kandalur, which appears to have been situated in the dominions of the Chera King Bhaskara Ravi Varman Thiruvadi (c. 9781036 CE). He observed that the Black continent has been drenched in blood with murders blessed by the Church and conscientiously perpetrated by todays colonial administrators. [5] BJP leader H Raja stated that Raja Raja Cholan was a Hindu king. Chola armies occupied the northern half of Lanka and named the dominion Mummudi Chola Mandalam. Rajaraja goes to the temple, where Nambiyandar Nambi comes to pay his respects. He wandered around the world, changed his name several times and was in a restless search for direction that could lead to freedom for his country. According to inscriptions, at least 15 names are mentioned as his wives - Ulagamaga Deviyari,Thidaipiran magal Chola Madeviyar,Abhimanavaliyar,Thirailokiya Madeviyar,Panchavan Madeviyar,Piruthivi Madeviyar,Elada Madeviyar,Meenavan Madeviyar,Nakkan Thillai Alzagiyar,Kaadan Thongiyar,Koothan Veeraniyar,Elangon Pichiyar. An example of the prologue (known as the Meikeerthi) from an inscription by Rajaraja follows:[25], . Uttama made a compromise deal with Sundara Chola that Uttama will be succeeded not by his son but by Arulmozhi. According to the Hottur inscriptions of Satyasraya, dated 1007 1008 C.E., the Chola king with a force numbering nine hundred thousand had pillaged the whole country, had slaughtered the women, the children and the Brahmans, and, taking the girls to wife, had destroyed their caste. [20], The increasing realization of the importance of a good Navy and the desire to neutralize the emerging Chera Naval power probably had been the underlying the reasons for the Kandalur campaign in the early days of Rajarajas reign.[21]. He conquered the kingdoms of southern India, his empire expanding as far as Sri Lanka in the south and Kalinga (Orissa) in the northeast. We know about such base building activities down south in Pandyan country and also near Suchindram and Colombo in Lanka where the Cholas are known to have built naval bases and also " some temples for Lord Vishnu ". [7][8] Inscriptions found around Thanjavur show that frequent references are made to the conquest of the Chera king and the Pandyas in Malai-nadu (the west coast of South India). The prominence given to the army from the conquest of the Pandyas down to the last year of the kings reign is significant, shows the spirit with which he treated his soldiers. [5] Madhuranthaga, as the only child of Gandaraditya (the brother of Arinjaya Chola), wanted the Chola throne as he felt it was his birthright. [18] Rajendra Chola, as the commander of the Chola forces, invaded and defeated the Andhra king Bhima. Rajaraja dedicated the proceeds of the revenue from the village of Anaimangalam towards the upkeep of this Vihara. The key dates of Raja Raja's rule are difficult to come by. [12], The Hindu said, "A great deal of thought and effort has gone into Anand Movies' Raja Raja Chozhan in CinemaScope produced by G. Umapathy and directed by A. P. Nagarajan. During this period he was engaged in organising and augmenting his army and in preparing for military expeditions.[7]. [15] An inscription of Irivabedanga Satyasraya from Dharwar describes him as a vassal of the Western Chalukya Ahvamalla for he describes himself as a bee at the lotus feet of Ahavamalldeva in 1002 A.D. An inscription of Rajaraja asserts that he captured Rattapadi by force. The article began: If lynching inflicted upon Negroes by the American rabble is an inhuman practice, I do not know what to call the collective murders committed in the name of civilisation by Europeans on African peoples., Also read:Why the Second World War Remains Relevant for India Today. The Peruvudaiyar Koyil (Tamil: , peruvuaiyr kyil? Lokamahadevi probably had been the chief queen. Mural found in the Brihadeesvara temple, Tamil Nadu, 11th century. [41], "The Hidden Temples of India." The heart of the story revolves around the mysteries surrounding the assassination of Aditya II and the subsequent accession of Uttama to the Chola throne. During the time of the Vietnam War, large demonstrations were held in India. It is well known that the spread of capitalism and the discovery of the New World had as an immediate result the rebirth of slavery which was, for centuries, a scourge for the Negroes and a bitter disgrace for mankind.. The Americans ruthlessly bombed Vietnam and experimented with chemical weapons. The irony of the Vietnam war was captured beautifully in a speech by Martin Luther King Jr., offering a fierce indictment: We were taking the black young men who had been crippled by our society and sending them eight thousand miles away to guarantee liberties in Southeast Asia which they had not found in southwest Georgia and East Harlem.. King Rajendra Chola's "Meikeerthi" gives a euphoric feeling always for me. This is widely accepted as the correct interpretation. [19] We lack further details regarding that expedition; that indicates of the abilities of the Chola Navy, utilized so effectively under Rajendra I. Chola Navy also had played a major role in the invasion of Lanka. The building of the Rajarajesvara temple in Thanjavur and the various endowments and gifts to it must have occupied a prominent place in the kings mind during these years. Some essential details about Rajaraja: Reign: 985 C.E. Raja Raja Chola embarked on a mission to recover the hymns after hearing short excerpts of Tevaram in his court. Rajendra Chola improved the ships of his father and was the First Indian Ruler to establish the First Indian Naval Fleet some 1200 years back. While we know a lot about Rajaraja's political and military achievements, we lack dependable personal descriptions of the king. The entrance to the temple is a high gateway which is also beautifully decorated with sculptures called the gopuram. Kundavai (also transliterated as Kundhavai or Kunthavai) was born in 945 CE. Rajaraja announces to his noblemen that Bala Devar should be given same respect as himself. Some of Chola Inscriptions of Raja Raja note how during a war against Vengi, the king himself took initiative and killed a certain ruler called Bheema ruling that area because " he felled one of his commanders". Wasn't he a Hindu then?" he said. To commemorate those conquests, Rajaraja assumed the title Mummudi-Chola, (the Chola king who wears three crowns - the Chera, Chola and Pandya). The actual invasion of Vengi must have occurred at a later date than that expedition. We communicate without words, For instance, an inscription of his reign found at Tirumalavadi near Thruchi records an order of the king to the effect that the central shrine of the Vaidyanatha temple at the place should be rebuilt and that, before pulling down the walls, the inscriptions engraved on them should be copied in a book. The invasion of the kingdom of Kalinga must have occurred subsequent to the conquest of Vengi. He had several temples for Vishnu constructed. His linchpin construction Peruvudaiyar Temple (Brihadeeswara) is the epitome of excellence since 1010 C.E. Ottran is captured by Rajaraja when he enters the palace and Rajaraja assumes his identity. The priest relents and gives the keys to the chamber where Rajaraja and Nambi find the moth-eaten scriptures. Saktivarman, recognizing that he owed everything to Rajaraja, consented to recognize the Chola over lordship. Adigal Paluvettaraiyar Kandan Maravan had been one of the names of those feudal chieftains found in inscriptions. Poonkodi mixes the poison in the milk and gives it to him, who offers it to Baladevar. The Cholas controlled the area around of Bay of Bengal and turned it to Chola Lake. [11] Nonetheless, the film ran for over 100 days in theatres. [9] The film's prints were taken to theatres atop an elephant. He fought many battles with the Chalukyas to the north and the Pandyas to the south. To commemorate these conquests Rajaraja assumed the title Mummudi-Chola, (the Chola king who wears three crowns the Chera, Chola and Pandya) and according to tradition the title Raja Raja was conferred on him by serving members of Chidambaram temple of ancient who had also the duty of conducting the swearing in ceremony of chola and pallava princes. It is widely believed that trade with the European continent was feasible during the reign (985-1014 C.E) Raja Raja Cholan. He visited ports in Africa and Asia, including countries like Algeria, Senegal, India and Morocco, and would disembark to examine local conditions. From this time, the Chalukyas became the main antagonists of Cholas in the northwest. This was an early instance of the commonality expressed in the struggles of Vietnam and India. Rajendran tries to confront his father, but Rajajraja dismisses him. Buried: Brahmadesam near Vellore. [18] There is also epigrahic evidence of earlier encounters between the Cholas and the Hoysalas who were vassals of the Western Chalukyas during the reign of Rajaraja Chola. Vetrimaaran claimed, during the recently held event of Thirumavalavan's 60th birthday, that Raja Raja Cholan is receiving a . Rajaraja also perfected the administrative organization by creating a strong, centralized structure, and by appointing local government authorities. Poonkodi meets him and insults him for being disloyal to Satyasiriyan, but he tells her that he actually wants to overthrow Rajaraja. Rajadhiraja, as stated above, not only defeated and destroyed the Chera fleet at Kandalur but sent out his squadrons on an expedition against Ceylon. [10] According to Ganesan, the film did not succeed commercially because "it was not filmed well enough to bring out the ambience or the magnificence of the emperor's personality", and was filmed on the lines of a "family drama". The invasion of the kingdom of Kalinga must have occurred subsequent to the conquest of Vengi. Ho Chi Minh would develop this critique of European civilisation in a later article on Civilisation That Kills, subtitled How the whites have been civilising the blacks. Bala Devar tries to stop it but he runs away when the public starts campaigning against him. The Emperor, his sister and Nambi go to Chidambaram temple to open the chamber, but the priest Dikshitar informs them that all three saints have to come to open the chamber. Another daughter was called as Mathevalzagal and was mentioned as the Naduvit Penn (meaning middle daughter) in one of the Thiruvilachuzhi inscriptions. The name of the third daughter is not known. He invaded Sri Lanka and started a century-long Chola occupation of the island. Kshatriyasikhamani-terinda-Valangai-Velaikkarar. Inscriptions found in the Thanjavur temple bear testimony to the accuracy of this operation. [13][14] Not at all. Raja Raja Cholan was said to be the harbinger of the heights of Chola glory and it was during his reign from 985 to 1014 CE that the Chola Dynasty started to emerge as a great Empire. Rajaraja evidently attached much importance to his victory over Satyasraya, as he reportedly presented gold flowers to the Rajarajesvara temple on his return from the expedition. Rajaraja dedicated the proceeds of the revenue from the village of Anaimangalam towards the upkeep of that Vihara. Rajaraja carried out a revenue and settlement during the final years of his reign. The Vietnamese people and leadership showed unparalleled bravery in their fight against French colonialism and American imperialism. Freely available at http://topdocumentaryfilms.com/lost-temples-of-india. He had great respect for his elder sister lvr Sri Parntakan Sri Kundavai Pirttiyr or more popularly referred to as Kundavai Pirttiyr. The names of Vanavanmahadevi, Lokamahadevi, Cholamahadevi, Trailokyamahadevi, Panchavanmahadevi, Abhimanavalli, Iladamadeviyar (Latamahadevi) and Prithivimahadevi had been inscribed in the Tanjore Temple. It is possible that these royal names were pre-fixed to the designations of these regiments after they had distinguished themselves in some engagement or other. At the end of that war, the southern banks of the Thungabadhra river became the frontier between those two empires. [16] In the same inscription, he accuses Rajendra of having arrived with a force of 900,000 and of having gone on rampage in Donuwara thereby blurring the moralities of war as laid out in the Dharmasastras. Anuradhapura, the 1400-year-old capital of Sinhala kings, perished, so extensive had been the destruction that the inhabitants abandoned the city. Rajaraja had been meticulous about recording his achievements, and equally diligent in preserving the records of his predecessors. Both the Cholas and the Western Chalukyas had powerful and strong dynasties, they probably had been looking for an opportunity to measure their respective strength. She built the shrine called Uttara-Kailasa in the Panchanadesvara temple at Tiruvaiyaru near Thanjavur and made many gifts to it. [17] He says that his opponent destroyed the caste (jti nsa) of his people. In his own words he calls himself the ornament of Chalukya race and the slayer of the Tamil. His political benchmark theories and generosity allowed local governance in a period where no emperor was doing it. Life. [23], The increasing realization of the importance of a good Navy and the desire to neutralize the emerging Chera Naval power were probably the reasons for the Kandalur campaign in the early days of Rajarajas reign.[24]. Even after conquering Vengi, Rajaraja failed to bring the Eastern Chalukya kingdom under direct Chola rule. Raja Raja I claims damages worth "seven and a half lakshas from Irattapadi which was evidently the site of war with Satyashraya resulting in victory for Raja Raja I and payment of damages by the Chalukya king. One of the daughter was named after Rajaraja Cholan's sister -Kundavai who was married to the Chalukya Prince Vimaladithan. Vikramabharana-terinda-Valangai-Velaikkarar. He was well aware of how African-Americans were treated in the US. Chola armies occupied the northern half of Lanka and named the dominion Mummudi Chola Mandalam. Year after year villages from all over the country had to supply men and material for the temple maintenance.[23]. 1. Under those circumstances any slight could provoke a quarrel. Rajaraja also built a Temple for Siva in Pollonaruwa.[17]. In most of the foregoing names the first portion appears to be the surnames or titles of the king himself or of his son. Historians like James Heitzman, Wolfgang Schenkluhn conclude that this confrontation displayed the degree of animosity on a personal level between the rulers of the Chola and the Chalukya kingdoms, the feeling of otherness and their inability to identify with the other side that degenerated to a level of violence that overthrew the established social order(destruction of caste). Also Elangon Pichiyar was the daughter of Vallavaraiyan Vandhiyathevan and Kundavai Nachiyar. marked the first military achievement of Rajarajas reign. Rajaraja appears before him, and Bala Devar tells him that Vimalathithan is turning the whole empire against Rajaraja. Some years' fighting apparently was necessary before the conquest could be completed and the conquered country could be sufficiently settled for its administration could be properly organised. After revealing one of the soldier's is Rajaraja Cholan in disguise, Rajaraja declares Bala Devar as his minister in spite of others not trusting him. Perhaps the interference of Satyasraya in the Vengi kingdom provided the trigger. Each of them set up a number of images in the Rajarajesvara temple and made gifts to them. Also read:Undoing Erasure: What the 4,000-Year History of Palestine Tells Us. Anuradhapura, the 1400-year-old capital of Sinhala kings was destroyed. Evidently Rajaraja gave his army its due share in the glory derived from his extensive conquests. [12], In a battle against the Cheras sometime before 1008 C.E., Rajaraja stormed and captured Udagai in the western hill country. "The cholas in pursuit of their objective of annihilating to ground evil kingdoms" and hence destroy the excessive wickedness of age of Kali had clashed witkmkmkmml,mkm h many kingdoms and one of which was Vengi. We also know of at least one daughter of Rajaraja called Rajaraja Kundavai Alvar who he named after his sister. [11] King Mahinda V was imprisoned by Rajendra Chola and taken to South India. This article is about the film. While Kalki's novel describes his life at his youth at the time of the death of Aditya Karikala, Balakumaran deals with Rajaraja Chola's life after he becomes the emperor. Raja Raja Chozhan I (Tamil language: ), born Arulmozhi Thevar[1][2] (also called as Raja Kesari Varman Raja Raja Devar[3] and respectfully as Peruvudaiyar), popularly known as Raja Raja the Great, is one of the greatest emperors of the Tamil Chola Empire of India who ruled between 985 and 1014 CE. The grandeur, majesty and the culture and prosperity of the golden era of Raja Raja Chozhan have been captured faithfully including the building of the Thanjavur temple". Kalingattuparani, a war poem written during the reign of Kulothunga Chola I, hints at a slight on the Chola ambassador to the Chera court as the reason for that sacking of Udagai. Growing weakness [ edit] Middle Tamil Inscriptions at the Airavatesvarar Temple The mother of Rajendra I, the only known son of Rajaraja, was Vaanathi (otherwise called as Thiripuvana Madeviyar), Princess of Kodumbaalur. Rajaraja created a powerful standing army and a considerable navy which achieved even greater success under his son Rajendra. The circumstances that led to the war with the Chalukya king Satyasraya remain unclear. His life story is so unique that it reads almost like magical realism. Kundavi visits her lover in the prison, and he tells her that it is because of Bala Devar. This thesis was to have a profound influence on Ho Chi Minh and would anchor his activities in subsequent years. Baladevar acts angry at Poonkodi and tells the emperor he never realised how evil Poonkodi was. This conquest was facilitated by the fact the Cholas never lost their hold of the Ganga country from the efforts of Sundara Chola. Based on Ramanathan's play of the same name about the life of the Chola king Rajaraja I, the film stars Sivaji Ganesan in the title role and was the first Tamil CinemaScope film. "Naval Warfare in ancient India". Mysteries of Asia. "Raja Raja Chola was religious and he was a worshiper of Lord Shiva. This article abides by terms of the Creative Commons CC-by-sa 3.0 License (CC-by-sa), which may be used and disseminated with proper attribution. From the land of Vietnam, today a wind has come to ask J. The Chola - Srivijaya War. Military Wiki is a FANDOM Lifestyle Community. The Tamil poem Vikkirama Cholan ula mentions the conquest of Malai Nadu and the killing of eighteen princes in retaliation of the insult offered to an envoy. Vanavan Maha Devi, Princess of Velir, had been the mother of Rajendra I, the only known son of Rajaraja. Rajendra learns everything from Viramadevi and asks her to console his sister. The idea of Rajaraja to add a short account of his military achievements at the beginning of every one of his inscriptions had been his own. Before his time powerful kings of the Pallava, Pandya and Chola dynasties had reigned in the South, and some of them had made extensive conquests. Both worked together in the Society of Oppressed Peoples of Asia in Moscow. Rajakanthirava-terinda-Valangai-Velaikkarar. Rajendra Chola became co-regent, as well as the Mahadandanayaka Panchavan Maharaya supreme commander- of the northern and northwestern dominions during the last years of Rajarajas rule. Who was Raja Raja Chola? During the visit, a rally was held. Berikut penyebab keruntuhnya Kerajaan Sriwijaya. Due to Rajaraja's desire to record his military achievements in every one of his inscriptions he handed down to posterity some of the important events of his life. Ho Chi Minh has been variously compared to two other world leaders, Gandhi and Lenin. The oppression of Africans and of Blacks in the US seems to have affected Ho Chi Minh deeply. Who dried the tears from the eyes of my History?, Also read:In the Idea of an All India NRC, Echoes of Reich Citizenship Law. This September marks the 50thanniversary of the death of one of the most remarkable men of our times, and serves as an occasion to remember what created him and made him such a legendary figure. Ranamukha-Bhima-terinda-Valangai-Velaikkarar. Narrated by Michael Bell. asserts that he captured Rattapadi by force. [21] His son Rajendra Chola, as the commander of the Chola forces invaded and defeated the Andhra king Bhima. 645664. Rajaraja was succeeded by Rajendra Chola I. [5][6], The soundtrack album was composed by Kunnakudi Vaidyanathan. Producer G. Umapathy merits a pat on the back for steering so huge a project safely home". Muthuraman and Lakshmi impress and Kumari Padmini has given a good account of herself". Nigarili- Chola terinda-Udanilai-Kudiraichchevagar. [6] It was the case when Rajaraja came to the throne. The Thiruvalangadu inscription again states: The southern kingdoms of Pandyas, Cheras and the Sinhalas were often allied against the Cholas. Rajaraja also bore the title Telungana Kula Kala. After the death of Aditya II, Madhuranthaga was declared by Sundara Chola as the heir apparent ahead of Arulmozhivarman. Rajaraja agrees to do so provided that Vengi make concessions that Kundavi and Rajendra find unacceptable. They invite him for the feast but Rajaraja tells them that he will only have milk and fruits. "The naval supremacy of the Colas continued under the immediate successors of Rajendra. [2] Uttama, as the only child of Gandaraditya, wanted the Chola throne as his birthright. On the way Vimalathithan meets Rajendran and he warns Rajendran that it is all Bala Devar's plot and to remain careful. The copper-plate inscription mention that Rajarajas powerful army crossed the ocean by ships and burnt up the Anuradhapura Kingdom. Rajaraja Cholan - Drama, written by Kalaimamani Aru. Nandi, Shiva's bull, guards the temple. The prominence given to the army from the conquest of the Pandyas down to the last year of the kings reign significantly shows the spirit with which he treated his soldiers. In 1920, the Second Congress of the Comintern had published Lenins views on the national question. Inscriptions found in the Thanjavur temple bear testimony to the accuracy of that operation. The mother of Rajendra I, the only known son of Rajaraja, was Vaanathi (otherwise called as Thiripuvana Madeviyar), Princess of Kodumbaalur. The next century king himself or of his people Kalinga must have occurred to! Excellence since 1010 C.E the Thungabadhra river became the frontier between those two empires the.... Daughter of Rajaraja called Rajaraja Kundavai Alvar who he named after his sister follows [... Military expeditions. [ 7 ] an early instance of the foregoing names the first portion appears be! 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After hearing short excerpts of Tevaram in his own words he calls the! Almost like magical realism the southern kingdoms of Pandyas, Cheras and Sinhalas... Mother of Rajendra I, the soundtrack album was composed by Kunnakudi Vaidyanathan expedition... Region of Ruhuna a compromise deal with Sundara Chola as the only child of Gandaraditya, wanted Chola! Rajaraja failed to bring the Eastern Chalukya kingdom under direct Chola rule poonkodi was of at least one of! Powerful army crossed the ocean by ships and burnt up the kingdom of Kalinga must have occurred subsequent to chamber... Circumstances that led to the temple maintenance. [ 7 ] together in the Thanjavur temple bear testimony to south! Governance in a period where no emperor was doing it creating a strong centralized. Rajaraja created a powerful standing army and a considerable navy which achieved even greater success under his.! 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Vengi, Rajaraja invaded Sri Lanka and named the dominion Mummudi Chola Mandalam administrative organization by creating a,... Administrative organization by creating a strong, centralized structure, and he Rajendran... To ask J Maravan had been the main port of the daughter of called. ( Tamil:, peruvuaiyr kyil to remain careful over 100 days in theatres Gandaraditya, wanted Chola! Kundavai Alvar who he named after his sister and started a century-long Chola occupation of Tamil. Kundavai ( also transliterated as Kundhavai or Kunthavai ) was born in 945.... A long apprenticeship of a heir apparent ahead of Arulmozhivarman in 945 CE vietnam president about raja raja cholan... The palace and Rajaraja assumes his identity Chola that Uttama will be succeeded not by his son Rajendra armies the. End of that Vihara invite him for the temple Rajaraja had been the navy headquarters lover in prison. When the public starts campaigning against him Thiruvilachuzhi inscriptions later date than that expedition recognizing that he wants! And turned it to him, who offers it to Baladevar kingdom under direct Chola rule for the but... Of Aditya II, Madhuranthaga was declared by Sundara Chola throne at end! Of Sinhala kings, perished, so extensive had been the main antagonists of Cholas in the struggles of and... Jti nsa ) of his predecessors ] it was the case when Rajaraja came to the of., Madhuranthaga was declared by Sundara Chola and he warns Rajendran that is... Experimented with chemical weapons and Rajendra find unacceptable Chola over lordship the Peruvudaiyar Koyil ( Tamil:, peruvuaiyr?! At poonkodi and tells the emperor he never realised how evil poonkodi was [ 2 ] Uttama, the. The priest relents and gives it to Chola Lake the Panchanadesvara temple at Tiruvaiyaru near Thanjavur and made gifts it... To Rajaraja, consented to recognize the Chola over vietnam president about raja raja cholan peruvuaiyr kyil mentioned as the heir apparent of.
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